The key question in shareholder oppression claims is often whether the complaining shareholder’s expectations were reasonable under the circumstances.  A recent decision from Albany County and a recently published article highlight two sides of a debate about how “contractual” the reasonable expectations inquiry should be. 
Continue Reading Can a Shareholder Be Oppressed After Ceding Control? Oppression, Reasonable Expectations, and Contractual Formalism

The shareholder oppression claim under BCL 1104-a has a unique relationship with claims for money damages.

A minority shareholder petitioning for dissolution under BCL 1104-a must establish that the majority shareholders have engaged in “illegal, fraudulent or oppressive actions,” or that the “property or assets of the corporation are being looted, wasted, or diverted for non-corporate purposes by its directors, officers or those in control of the corporation.”

Based on that standard, it’s easy to imagine conduct by the majority that both meets the criteria for dissolution and constitutes a separate tort compensable with money damages (for instance, a claim for the majority’s breach of fiduciary duty).  For that reason, it’s very common to see a dissolution petition coupled with money damages claims, all arising out of the same conduct. 

But where the money damages claims are filed before the dissolution petition, a plaintiff might be forced to litigate those to completion prior to pursuing their dissolution petition.  That’s the tough lesson learned by the petitioner of a dissolution proceeding brought under BCL 1104-a, in Ramirez v Issa, 2024 N.Y. Slip Op. 33488[U] [NY County 2024], the subject of this week’s post.Continue Reading Corporate Dissolution Petition Hits Back Burner in Favor of Earlier Filed Claims for Money Damages

Iowa was one of the earliest of the 22 states that by now have adopted the Revised Uniform LLC Act (2006). Last month, Iowa’s Supreme Court handed down an important first-impression decision construing and applying RULLCA’s judicial dissolution provisions in a case involving a family-owned realty holding company. This week’s New York Business Divorce has the story.
Continue Reading Judicial Dissolution of LLCs Under RULLCA: Iowa Supreme Court Takes the Stage

Not all misconduct by majority shareholders is worthy of dissolution or a compelled buy-out. The Court’s broad power under BCL 1104-a to craft appropriate remedies also includes the power to award money damages, and dissolution may not be appropriate where the alleged shareholder oppression was a discrete, one-time transaction.
Continue Reading Court Rejects Oppressed Shareholder’s Bid for Dissolution or Buy-Out, Finds Money Damages Sufficient

You won’t want to miss this week’s New York Business Divorce featuring a recent decision in which the court found minority shareholder oppression based on “disrespectful and unfairly disproportionate treatment of a female shareholder by the male majority in a closely held corporation.”
Continue Reading Minority Shareholder Oppression in the #MeToo Era

Merit-based bonuses protected by the business judgment rule, or de facto dividends? That was the central question on which depended the outcome of a common-law dissolution claim in a case decided last month by a New York appellate panel involving a family-owned business. Learn more in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading Past is Prologue: Refusal to Adopt Dividend Policy After Petitioner Resigns Not Ground for Dissolution

This week’s New York Business Divorce highlights and links to a Business Divorce Roundtable podcast interview with Professor Douglas Moll, one of the country’s leading authorities on closely held business entities, in which he discusses the findings from his nationwide survey of LLC judicial dissolution statutes.
Continue Reading LLC Dissolution Statutes Under the Microscope: Podcast Interview with Professor Douglas Moll

In this week’s New York Business Divorce – the first in a three-part series about the statutory triggers, legal rules, and accounting principles of business valuation proceedings – learn about the routes business owners can take to an appraisal proceeding.
Continue Reading Basics of Valuation Proceedings – Litigating an Appraisal from Start to Finish – Part 1

New Jersey’s approach to the marketability discount in statutory fair value cases has been called a “business appraiser’s nightmare.” A recent decision by a New Jersey trial court, in which it applied a 25% marketability discount to penalize a 50% owner found guilty of oppression against the other 50% owner, adds fuel to the debate. Check it out in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading Has New Jersey Gone Off Its DLOM Rocker?