Operating Agreement

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A noteworthy decision last week by Justice Carolyn Demarest is featured in this week’s New York Business Divorce. The case, involving a fight between sibling co-owners of a food distributor and a separate realty company, addresses important issues concerning the scope of a general release and LLC members’ right to advancement of legal defense costs. …
Continue Reading Court Limits Scope of Release, Denies Advancement of Defense Costs in Sibling “Food Fight”

In this week’s New York Business Divorce you’ll read about two recent cases in which New York courts decided disputes between members of Delaware LLCs over the interpretation of provisions — one dealing with a distribution waterfall and the other with compulsory buyback of membership interests — found in highly sophisticated operating agreements. …
Continue Reading Waterfalls and Compulsory Buybacks: New York Courts Decide Disputes Involving Sophisticated Delaware LLC Agreements

Unlike many states including Delaware, whose statutes authorize oral LLC agreements, New York’s LLC Law mandates a written operating agreement. A recent decision by the Appellate Division, First Department, permitting a claim based on an alleged oral LLC agreement to go forward, prompts examination of the pros and cons of oral LLC agreements, in this week’s New York Business Divorce. …
Continue Reading The Oral LLC Agreement: Boon or Bane?

Shareholder and LLC agreements, like other contracts, frequently contain terms accompanied by the proviso, “notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement,” signaling that the term trumps all others. Read this week’s New York Business Divorce to learn about a recent First Department appellate ruling in Schepisi v. Roberts highlighting the mischief that can result from multiple, ” dueling” notwithstanding clauses.
Continue Reading LLC Agreement Falters from Dueling “Notwithstanding” Clauses

Is an LLC membership interest forfeited or reduced when a member fails to make a required capital contribution? That was the threshold issue in a decision last week by the Delaware Chancery Court in Grove v. Brown, where the LLC’s financial success in its first year led to acrimony and litigation. Get the answer in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading LLC’s Quick Success Breeds Mutual Misbehavior in Delaware Case

In Shao v. Li, decided last week by Manhattan Commercial Division Justice Charles Ramos, the court analyzed a claim by one LLC member that his co-members entered into a sham collateral assignment of a membership interest designed to circumvent a right of first refusal. You won’t want to miss it in this week’s New York Business Divorce. …
Continue Reading When is Permitted Collateral Assignment of LLC Membership Interest a Prohibited Sale?

If you’re going to require super-majority consent as to certain business decisions in a shareholder or operating agreement, be sure to draft clearly so as to leave no room for potential litigation over the level of required consent. That’s the lesson of Herbert v Schodack Exit Ten, LLC, decided earlier this month by an upstate appellate panel and highlighted in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading Unanimous Vote Requirement in LLC Agreement Turns on Meaning of “Commitment”

It happens once in a while: the co-owners of a business entity formed under the laws of State X have a choice of law clause in their agreement opting to be governed by the laws of State Y. Such was the case in Gelman v. Gelman, recently decided by Justice Daniel Palmieri involving a dispute between sibling co-members of a Delaware LLC whose operating agreement had a New York choice of law provision. Which state’s law did the court apply? Get the answer in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading What Law Applies When Internal Affairs Doctrine Clashes With Choice-of-Law Clause?

Last week the Delaware Supreme Court ruled in the Auriga Capital v. Gatz case, previously covered in this blog, affirming on contract grounds Chancellor Leo Strine’s finding of fiduciary breach by an LLC manager but dismissing as dicta his analysis that Delaware LLC managers owe traditional default duties of loyalty and care unless eliminated or modified in the operating agreement. It’s important, and it’s in this week’s New York Business Divorce.
Continue Reading Delaware Supreme Court Reboots Question of LLC Manager’s Fiduciary Duties

The purpose clause in an LLC’s operating agreement can be an important factor in judicial dissolution cases, as illustrated in Justice Denise Sher’s recent decision in Vella v. JP&F Realty Holdings, LLC. This week’s New York Business Divorce has the story.
Continue Reading LLC Dissolution Case Tests Limits of Operating Agreement’s Purpose Clause